LOW COST PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC CONTROL (PLC) FOR INDUSTRIAL AUTOMATION IN REPETITIVE NATURE OF WORK

Model no.15: 

              The main objective of the project is designing a programmable sequential switching of any load using embedded system based microcontroller concept. It uses microcontroller from 8051 family which is of 8-bit. The development of this application requires the configuration of microcontroller architecture that is the selection of the machines, and writing debugging of the application program. In this project, the clock plays an important role, where it is used in the following mode i.e., the set mode, auto mode and manual mode for controlling different machines. In set mode, through the digital clock the machinery will run based on/off and on time where as in auto mode they will run by default settings and finally in the manual mode the real-time systems used extensively in industrial control applications can run depending on the user’s need and flexibility. The power supply consists of a step down transformer 230/12V, which steps down the voltage to 12V AC. This is converted to DC using a Bridge rectifier. The ripples are removed using a capacitive filter and it is then regulated to +5V using a voltage regulator 7805 which is required for the operation of the microcontroller and other components.

For more details about this project, please visit     http://www.efxkits.com/project-kit/microcontroller/1007.html

HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS:

Microcontroller unit, LCD (16x2), ULN2003, Relays, Resistors, Capacitors, LED, Crystal oscillator, Diodes, Transformer, Voltage Regulator, Push buttons, Loads.

SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS:

Keil compiler, Language: Embedded C or Assembly.

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TV REMOTE OPERATED CURTAIN CLOSER/OPENER

Model no. 14A:
     
            The main motto of the project is to operate the curtain raiser to open and close with a swing motor Wireless technology. In this project thesis, we are pressing a button from a TV remote which acts a transmitter and send signal to and it is received by IR receiver, the output signal from receiver is fed to a programmable microcontroller from 8051 family, is engaged to actuate the Swing Motor to rotate in forward and reverse direction indicating the curtain raiser open /close with help of relays which is driven by an IC ULN2003 (relay driver). The power supply consists of a step down transformer 230/12V, which steps down the voltage to 12V AC. This is converted to DC using a Bridge rectifier and it is then regulated to +5V using a voltage regulator 7805 which is required for the operation of the microcontroller and other components.

For more details about this project, please visit http://www.efxkits.com

HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS:

Microcontroller(AT89C52/S52), Crystal Oscillator, IR sensor, Relay Driver IC, Relays, Transformer, Diodes, 7805 voltage regulator, Capacitors, LED, Resistors, DC motor, TV Remote.

SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS:

Keil Compiler, language: Embedded ‘C’ or Assembly.

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BIDIRECTIONAL ROTATION OF AN EXHAUST FAN MOTOR WITH A REMOTE CONTROL DEVICE

Model no.14:

             The main motto of the project is to drive an Induction Motor for the required application in forward direction and reverse direction with Wireless technology.
In this project thesis, we are pressing a button from a TV remote which acts a transmitter and send signal to and it is received by a component called IR receiver, the output is fed to a programmable microcontroller from 8051 family, is engaged to actuate the Induction Motor to rotate in forward and reverse direction with help of relays which is driven by an IC ULN2003 (relay driver).
The power supply consists of a step down transformer 230/12V, which steps down the voltage to 12V AC. This is converted to DC using a Bridge rectifier and it is then regulated to +5V using a voltage regulator 7805 which is required for the operation of the microcontroller and other components.


For more details about this project, please visit http://www.efxkits.com/project-kit/microcontroller/1067.html

HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS:

Microcontroller(AT89C52/S52), Crystal Oscillator, IR sensor, Relay Driver IC, Relays, Transformer, Diodes, 7805 voltage regulator, Capacitors, LED, Resistors, Load, TV Remote.

SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS:

Keil Compiler, language: Embedded ‘C’ or Assembly.

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AUTOMATIC STAR DELTA STARTER USING RELAYS AND ADJUSTABLE ELECTRONIC TIMER FOR INDUCTION MOTOR

Model no.13:

                    Star/Delta starters are probably the most common reduced voltage starters in the 50Hz industrial motor world (Known as Wye / Delta starters in the 60Hz USA world). They are used in an attempt to reduce the start current applied to the motor during start as a means of reducing the disturbances and interference on the electrical supply. The Star/Delta starter is generally manufactured from three contactors; an electromechanical timer and a thermal overload for operating a 3 phase motor at 440 volt at ac mains supply 50 Hz. The interlocking arrangement of all the contactor coils is traditionally wired in 440 volt ac. However in our project we have taken up the same to operate a 3 phase motor at 440 volt ac mains supply 50 Hz with a set of 12 volt DC relays, an electronically adjustable timer and a set of miniature circuit breakers. The interlocking arrangement of the relay coils and the electronic timer are all wired in low voltage dc of 12 volt fed from an inbuilt dc power supply for safe handling of the starter during the study, still retaining its is application for a 3 phase motor starting with single phasing prevention .as the project would be expensive in using a 3 phase induction motor the project shall be tested with a set of lamps for each phase. During star operation the lamps would glow dim indicating the supply voltage across the coils are 440/sqrt (3) and while in delta condition after the timer operates the lamps would glow with full intensity indicating full supply voltage of 440volts. The timer comprises of a 555 in mono-stable mode the output of which is fed to a relay for changing the mains supply from 3 phase star to delta. The project also has the provision of single phasing protection since 3 phase motors get burnt if any one phase goes missing during running. The output to the lamps shall be completely cut-off in the event of any phase failure.

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LASER BEAM CONTROLLED GARAGE DOOR OPENER

                               

Model no.12A:
           This project is designed to operate a garage door remotely by laser beam. The circuit comprises of a laser beam sensor built using op-amp IC LM358. Op-amp’s are configured here as a comparator. The Microcontroller used is 8-bit, 40 pin from 8051 family. It is used to control the whole system by monitoring the sensors and when the laser sensor receives the signals then the microcontroller will send command to relay driver IC the contacts of which are used to switch on the motor used for opening the garage door and it will switch off the motor after predetermined time. The status of the door whether it is open or closed is displayed on the 16X2 LCD interfaced with the microcontroller. The power supply consists of a step down transformer 230/12V, which steps down the voltage to 12V AC. This is converted to DC using a Bridge rectifier. The ripples are removed using a capacitive filter and it is then regulated to +5V using a voltage regulator 7805 which is required for the operation of the microcontroller and other components.



For more details about this project, please visit http://www.efxkits.com/project-kit/microcontroller/1066.html

HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS:

Microcontroller unit, LM358, LCD(16x2), Relay, garage door, LDR, Voltage Regulator, Diodes, Capacitors, Resistors, LED, Crystal oscillator, BC547.

SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS:

Keil compiler, Languages: Embedded C
And or Assembly

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AUTOMATIC IRRIGATION SYSTEM ON SENSING SOIL MOISTURE CONTENT

          

Model no.12:
         
             In the field of agriculture, use of proper method of irrigation is important because the main reason is the lack of rains & scarcity of land reservoir water. The continuous extraction of water from earth is reducing the water level due to which lot of land is coming slowly in the zones of un-irrigated land. Another very important reason of this is due to unplanned use of water due to which a significant amount of water goes waste. For this purpose; we use this automatic plant irrigation system. The circuit comprises of sensor parts built using op-amp IC LM358. Op-amp’s are configured here as a comparator. Two stiff copper wires are inserted in the soil to sense whether the soil is wet or dry. The Microcontroller is used to control the whole system by monitoring the sensors and when sensors sense the dry condition then the microcontroller will send command to relay driver IC the contacts of which are used to switch on the motor and it will switch off the motor when all the sensors are in wet condition. The microcontroller does the above job as it receives the signal from the sensors through the output of the comparator, and these signals operate under the control of software which is stored in ROM of the Microcontroller. The condition of the pump i.e., ON/OFF is displayed on a 16X2 LCD. This is safest and no manpower is required. This is very useful to all climatic conditions and it is economic friendly. The power supply consists of a step down transformer 230/12V, which steps down the voltage to 12V AC. This is converted to DC using a Bridge rectifier. The ripples are removed using a capacitive filter and it is then regulated to +5V using a voltage regulator 7805 which is required for the operation of the microcontroller and other components.

For more details about this project, please visit      http://www.efxkits.com/project-kit/microcontroller/1006.html

HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS:

Microcontroller unit, LM358, LCD(16x2), Relay, Water Pump, Voltage Regulator, Diodes, Capacitors, Resistors, LED, Crystal oscillator, BC547.

SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS:

Keil compiler, Languages: Embedded C
And or Assembly

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ULTRA FAST ACTING ELECTRONIC CIRCUIT BREAKER FOR A 3 PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR

   ULTRA FAST ACTING ELECTRONIC CIRCUIT BREAKER FOR A 3 PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR

Model no.11B:
           
           The outline of the project is to shut down the power supply when it is overloaded. Conventional circuit breaker is based on thermal bimetal lever trip mechanism, which is very slow and the trip time is dependant upon the percentage of overload. So, Electronic circuit breaker is designed which is based on the voltage drop across a series element typically a low value resistor or a CT (current Transformer). The voltage sensed is compared against the preset voltage proportional to the current by a level comparator to generate an output for the 3 Contact relay (or contactor , optionally) to trip the 3 phase load in the event of overload, over voltage and single phasing . The unit is extremely fast and overcomes the drawback of the thermal type. It uses an 8-bit microcontroller from 8051 family into which program is burnt for the operation of this project. The power supply consists of a step down transformer 230/12V, which steps down the voltage to 12V AC. This is converted to DC using a Bridge rectifier. The ripples are removed using a capacitive filter and it is then regulated to +5V using a voltage regulator 7805 which is required for the operation of the entire circuit ,microcontroller and other components.

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HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS:

Microcontroller unit, Op-amp,
Transformer, MOSFET, Diodes, Capacitors, Resistors, LED, Crystal Oscillator, LCD (16x2), Voltage Regulator, 3 CO Relay, 3 Ph IM

SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS:

Keil compiler, Languages: Embedded C
or Assembly

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