AUTOMATIC IRRIGATION SYSTEM ON SENSING SOIL MOISTURE CONTENT

          

Model no.12:
         
             In the field of agriculture, use of proper method of irrigation is important because the main reason is the lack of rains & scarcity of land reservoir water. The continuous extraction of water from earth is reducing the water level due to which lot of land is coming slowly in the zones of un-irrigated land. Another very important reason of this is due to unplanned use of water due to which a significant amount of water goes waste. For this purpose; we use this automatic plant irrigation system. The circuit comprises of sensor parts built using op-amp IC LM358. Op-amp’s are configured here as a comparator. Two stiff copper wires are inserted in the soil to sense whether the soil is wet or dry. The Microcontroller is used to control the whole system by monitoring the sensors and when sensors sense the dry condition then the microcontroller will send command to relay driver IC the contacts of which are used to switch on the motor and it will switch off the motor when all the sensors are in wet condition. The microcontroller does the above job as it receives the signal from the sensors through the output of the comparator, and these signals operate under the control of software which is stored in ROM of the Microcontroller. The condition of the pump i.e., ON/OFF is displayed on a 16X2 LCD. This is safest and no manpower is required. This is very useful to all climatic conditions and it is economic friendly. The power supply consists of a step down transformer 230/12V, which steps down the voltage to 12V AC. This is converted to DC using a Bridge rectifier. The ripples are removed using a capacitive filter and it is then regulated to +5V using a voltage regulator 7805 which is required for the operation of the microcontroller and other components.

For more details about this project, please visit      http://www.efxkits.com/project-kit/microcontroller/1006.html

HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS:

Microcontroller unit, LM358, LCD(16x2), Relay, Water Pump, Voltage Regulator, Diodes, Capacitors, Resistors, LED, Crystal oscillator, BC547.

SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS:

Keil compiler, Languages: Embedded C
And or Assembly

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